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#1
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Hi All,
A musician friend of mine wants to replace her cassette recorder, and digitize her cassettes. She asked for a recommendation of a small recorder to do the job. It needs to be simple to operate, or at least set up once and left alone, and gracefully accept a consumer line level source. An onboard speaker would be a real asset. My first thought would be Zoom H4n Pro, or H5. Second thought is Tascam DR-40 or DR-44WL. How well do the new Zoom and Tascam recorders accept unbalanced -10db inputs? Budget tops out at about $200. Any recommendations for other units? Cheers Mike |
#2
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On Tuesday, April 4, 2017 at 3:43:07 PM UTC-4, Michael Beacom wrote:
Hi All, A musician friend of mine wants to replace her cassette recorder, and digitize her cassettes. She asked for a recommendation of a small recorder to do the job. It needs to be simple to operate, or at least set up once and left alone, and gracefully accept a consumer line level source. An onboard speaker would be a real asset. My first thought would be Zoom H4n Pro, or H5. Second thought is Tascam DR-40 or DR-44WL. How well do the new Zoom and Tascam recorders accept unbalanced -10db inputs? Budget tops out at about $200. Any recommendations for other units? Cheers Mike usually once audio is digitized, most folks want to edit it or make adjustments in a computer based DAW. (Digital audio Work Station) i.e. a PC based editor like Audacity. So you may want to consider an audio interface via USB and record the audio directly into the PC. After editing you can convert it to MP3 or whatever you wish. This works well unless you need to do field recording as well. Then a portable recorder is the way to go. m |
#3
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#4
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On 4/4/2017 3:42 PM, Michael Beacom wrote:
A musician friend of mine wants to replace her cassette recorder, and digitize her cassettes. She asked for a recommendation of a small recorder to do the job. Does she have any idea of what she's in for, assuming she has a pretty good collection of cassettes? Does she have a decent cassette deck to play them from? Or is she planning to use the cassette recorder she wants to replace to do that job? What will she be doing with the digitized recordings? What format will she want them in? MP3 (what bit rate?), WAV? Some lossless compressed format like FLAC? And what will her final product be? All the handheld recorders record to an SD or SDHC card, and she probably won't want to deal with a collection of those. Will she want to transfer them to a computer? To a phone or other media player? Or play them from the recorder? Does she care about fidelity or just want to "get that job done"? A digital copy will never be better than the original cassette unless she thoroughly works over each one with a computer and some tools, something that it sounds like she may not be inclined to do. It needs to be simple to operate, or at least set up once and left alone, and gracefully accept a consumer line level source. An onboard speaker would be a real asset. She should set the record level, or at least check it at several places in the tape, before starting each transfer. Most of the handhelds are pretty much one-button to start recording, but some are more difficult to adjust the record level than others. My first thought would be Zoom H4n Pro, or H5. Second thought is Tascam DR-40 or DR-44WL. Those are probably more advanced than what she needs. A Zoom H1 would probably do the job just fine and it has very few controls. Record level setting is done with a pair of up/down buttons, same as the H4n (I think) The Zoom H2 has a knob to adjust the record level, which might be more intuitive. The TASCAM DR-40 has up/down buttons for record level, and the DR-44 has a knob but in order to use it you first have to push a button, then push the button again in order to get rid of the record level "knob position" indicators. But the DR-44WL has the advantage of being able to be remote-controlled from a phone app, which makes everything easier. The TASCAM DR-22WL is a simpler version with a knob that sets it up for different recording situations, something like the "sun, shadow, backlit, indoor" exposure presets on some digital cameras. The speaker on all of these things is really cheezy and serves only to check that something is recorded. But most have perfectly decent headphone outputs. How well do the new Zoom and Tascam recorders accept unbalanced -10db inputs? I just checked my TASCAM DR-40 (I have a DR-40 and DR-44WL), and with -10 dBV going in with the input gain switch set to Line level, you get a record level of -16 dBFS with the record level cranked all the way up. Switch the input gain to Mic level, and with the record level turned all the way down, -10 dBV gives a record level of about -5 dBFS. -16 dBFS is a good level for live recording because you have a reasonable amount of headroom, but given that the source is a cassette, you don't really need that much headroom, so she might find the level of her digital recordings to be kind of low. But if her playback recorder has an output level control, either way should work fine. Y'know, a mobile phone would probably be just fine, too, and who doesn't have at least one of those these days, even a retired one that no longer has a phone account associated with it. -- For a good time, call http://mikeriversaudio.wordpress.com |
#5
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On 5/04/2017 10:31 a.m., Mike Rivers wrote:
On 4/4/2017 3:42 PM, Michael Beacom wrote: A musician friend of mine wants to replace her cassette recorder, and digitize her cassettes. She asked for a recommendation of a small recorder to do the job. Does she have any idea of what she's in for, assuming she has a pretty good collection of cassettes? If she doesn't know now, she will shortly after commencing the exercise. I suggest (if her computer doesn't already have a Line In socket/s) a cheap-but-good USB interface such as M-Audio Transit USB or a zillion others. Also some basic editing freeware (available for all computer platforms) that can at extract individual tracks from the whole cassette side, fade in and out the hiss-laden individual tracks, and normalise (or what Jack-ass calls 'maximize) or otherwise adjust the levels. Then save in whatever format she desires. If she saves a WAV or Apple equivalent as well as MP3 etc, she can later get more sophisticated with trying to resurrect the music without tape hiss. Maybe able to purchase a bundle that includes everything, and maybe even some basic noise-reduction (although that will likely remove some of the programme as well ...). geoff |
#6
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On Tuesday, April 4, 2017 at 6:53:06 PM UTC-4, geoff wrote:
On 5/04/2017 10:31 a.m., Mike Rivers wrote: On 4/4/2017 3:42 PM, Michael Beacom wrote: A musician friend of mine wants to replace her cassette recorder, and digitize her cassettes. She asked for a recommendation of a small recorder to do the job. Does she have any idea of what she's in for, assuming she has a pretty good collection of cassettes? If she doesn't know now, she will shortly after commencing the exercise. I suggest (if her computer doesn't already have a Line In socket/s) a cheap-but-good USB interface such as M-Audio Transit USB or a zillion others. Also some basic editing freeware (available for all computer platforms) that can at extract individual tracks from the whole cassette side, fade in and out the hiss-laden individual tracks, and normalise (or what Jack-ass calls 'maximize) or otherwise adjust the levels. Then save in whatever format she desires. If she saves a WAV or Apple equivalent as well as MP3 etc, she can later get more sophisticated with trying to resurrect the music without tape hiss. -- But tape hiss is "normal"! -- Just toss the tapes out and buy MP3s. Jack Maybe able to purchase a bundle that includes everything, and maybe even some basic noise-reduction (although that will likely remove some of the programme as well ...). geoff |
#7
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#8
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On 04/04/2017 22:13, Michael Beacom wrote:
I'll bring that up when I talk to her, but my impression was that she isn't interested in doing any production. She may not want to buy both the recorder and an interface. So, I was going for simple. Not even sure what kind of computer she owns. Depending on how fussy she is about quality, there are portable cassette units with a built in ADC, working over USB on both Mac and Windows platforms. There are also one or two full size units which have better tape handling for when the cassettes are not in prime condition. Most of them have Dolby, which will save having to use a software decoder. The ones I've seen come with Audacity, which is more than powerful enough to record, top and tail the tracks direct to HD, and maybe even enhance them a bit. If using the H4 or even the H2, which are also good choices at this price level, the tracks will then have to be imported into a DAW to tidy them up and split the cassette sides into tracks or chapters for easier playback. Some specialist free software and plugins for Audacity or other DAW programs can even be used to automatically split tracks by detecting the silence in the gaps. -- Tciao for Now! John. |
#9
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Does she know about head azimuth? With cassettes that's always an issue. Especially with Dolby.
Peace, Paul |
#10
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John Williamson wrote:
Depending on how fussy she is about quality, there are portable cassette units with a built in ADC, working over USB on both Mac and Windows platforms. There are also one or two full size units which have better tape handling for when the cassettes are not in prime condition. How easy is it to set azimuth? If you have to ride it, can you? That is really the key to getting acceptable cassette transcriptions. Most of them have Dolby, which will save having to use a software decoder. It's academic since the internal Dolby decoder won't track properly anyway because the original tape levels won't be right, because they never are. You can use an external decoder or a machine that allows you to adjust the decode levels for minimum pumping. It's a pain in the neck but it's a lot better than listening to the constant whooshing in and out. None of the software decoders are Dolby-licensed and I don't know how accurate any of them really are, but given how bletcherous the rest of the chain is, that may not be an issue. It's likely they are better than the hardware decoder with fixed levels. The ones I've seen come with Audacity, which is more than powerful enough to record, top and tail the tracks direct to HD, and maybe even enhance them a bit. If using the H4 or even the H2, which are also good choices at this price level, the tracks will then have to be imported into a DAW to tidy them up and split the cassette sides into tracks or chapters for easier playback. Some specialist free software and plugins for Audacity or other DAW programs can even be used to automatically split tracks by detecting the silence in the gaps. This is true, but it would seem a better choice just to use a good quality USB audio interface for the job. This would also allow you to see the phase meter on the software as you're playing back which may make riding azimuth easier. Of course, once you get the azimuth issues and the Dolby tracking issues dealt with, you still have the flutter issues. But that's just the nature of the format. --scott -- "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis." |
#11
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On 05/04/2017 03:06, Scott Dorsey wrote:
John Williamson wrote: Depending on how fussy she is about quality, there are portable cassette units with a built in ADC, working over USB on both Mac and Windows platforms. There are also one or two full size units which have better tape handling for when the cassettes are not in prime condition. How easy is it to set azimuth? If you have to ride it, can you? That is really the key to getting acceptable cassette transcriptions. On the unit I have, drill a small hole and use a jeweller's screwdriver to twiddle the adjustment screw. Reading the original post, it's not likely that the user will want to bother riding azimuth, and to do it automatically is likely to cost a lot more than she is willing to spend. The reason I suggest them is because they are a single unit with one lead to connect and so are very easy to use once plugged into a computer. While the gold standard is a Nakamichi Dragon plugged into a 24 bit converter, and a computer running Capstan to get rid of the wow and flutter, it is a lot of hard work and expense to set up to save a few home recordings which will likely only ever be listened to a couple of times each. Most of them have Dolby, which will save having to use a software decoder. It's academic since the internal Dolby decoder won't track properly anyway because the original tape levels won't be right, because they never are. You can use an external decoder or a machine that allows you to adjust the decode levels for minimum pumping. It's a pain in the neck but it's a lot better than listening to the constant whooshing in and out. All true, but if the intended audience are listening on cheap earbuds on a phone, then the built in unit may be good enough. None of the software decoders are Dolby-licensed and I don't know how accurate any of them really are, but given how bletcherous the rest of the chain is, that may not be an issue. It's likely they are better than the hardware decoder with fixed levels. Assuming the OP is willing and able to set the levels correctly, bearing in mind they will be different for every tape. The program I use is free, and will let me adjust levels and relative phases between the channels. It also works as a plugin for earlier versions of Winamp, which was discontinued a while ago. The ones I've seen come with Audacity, which is more than powerful enough to record, top and tail the tracks direct to HD, and maybe even enhance them a bit. If using the H4 or even the H2, which are also good choices at this price level, the tracks will then have to be imported into a DAW to tidy them up and split the cassette sides into tracks or chapters for easier playback. Some specialist free software and plugins for Audacity or other DAW programs can even be used to automatically split tracks by detecting the silence in the gaps. This is true, but it would seem a better choice just to use a good quality USB audio interface for the job. This would also allow you to see the phase meter on the software as you're playing back which may make riding azimuth easier. Of course, once you get the azimuth issues and the Dolby tracking issues dealt with, you still have the flutter issues. But that's just the nature of the format. Apart from the issues with the mechanics of the transport, the sound quality will be as good as the original ever sounded on a portable deck when recorded using Audacity and a track splitter. After that, the sky is the limit on cost and inconvenience. This isn't a job recreating the best possible sound to commercially release the result, it's just a way of keeping a reasonable quality copy for listening to in future, once the tape deck or the cassette wears out. Of course, if these are commercial recordings, there is a very good chance there is already a decent copy available online or on CD, which saves all the faff. -- Tciao for Now! John. |
#12
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John Williamson wrote:
On 05/04/2017 03:06, Scott Dorsey wrote: How easy is it to set azimuth? If you have to ride it, can you? That is really the key to getting acceptable cassette transcriptions. On the unit I have, drill a small hole and use a jeweller's screwdriver to twiddle the adjustment screw. That's probably enough. A lot of cheaper cassette decks have screws that are not designed for constant adjustment and wear out pretty quickly with that kind of use, but considering what they cost, that's fine. Reading the original post, it's not likely that the user will want to bother riding azimuth, and to do it automatically is likely to cost a lot more than she is willing to spend. The reason I suggest them is because they are a single unit with one lead to connect and so are very easy to use once plugged into a computer. At least getting the azimuth set once for the tape is critical, because the azimuth is so far off and the top end suffers badly. And once the frequency response changes, the dolby tracking does wrong. While the gold standard is a Nakamichi Dragon plugged into a 24 bit converter, and a computer running Capstan to get rid of the wow and flutter, it is a lot of hard work and expense to set up to save a few home recordings which will likely only ever be listened to a couple of times each. Actually, Capstan often does more harm than good on old cassettes. The flutter problems, for the most part, just have to be lived with. A lot of the issue here is knowing what to try and correct and what to leave alone. I hear too many old recordings that have been NoNoised to death to the point where the noise reduction artifacts are far more annoying than the noise would have been. Some of the flutter reduction stuff today is like that too. Apart from the issues with the mechanics of the transport, the sound quality will be as good as the original ever sounded on a portable deck when recorded using Audacity and a track splitter. After that, the sky is the limit on cost and inconvenience. This isn't a job recreating the best possible sound to commercially release the result, it's just a way of keeping a reasonable quality copy for listening to in future, once the tape deck or the cassette wears out. The issues with the mechanics of the transport are 90% of the problem (and the cassette shell is part of the transport). Everything else is gravy. Of course, if these are commercial recordings, there is a very good chance there is already a decent copy available online or on CD, which saves all the faff. Indeed. --scott -- "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis." |
#13
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On 05/04/2017 13:45, Scott Dorsey wrote:
Actually, Capstan often does more harm than good on old cassettes. The flutter problems, for the most part, just have to be lived with. A lot of the issue here is knowing what to try and correct and what to leave alone. I hear too many old recordings that have been NoNoised to death to the point where the noise reduction artifacts are far more annoying than the noise would have been. Some of the flutter reduction stuff today is like that too. Going slightly off topic, a friend of mine has a player and a number of cylinders in generally excellent condition that will need cleaning up and pitch correcting when I find time and tuits. The first one he's recorded onto the computer has a sliding pitch profile as the spring runs down, which is going to be fun... -- Tciao for Now! John. |
#14
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John Williamson wrote:
On 05/04/2017 13:45, Scott Dorsey wrote: Actually, Capstan often does more harm than good on old cassettes. The flutter problems, for the most part, just have to be lived with. A lot of the issue here is knowing what to try and correct and what to leave alone. I hear too many old recordings that have been NoNoised to death to the point where the noise reduction artifacts are far more annoying than the noise would have been. Some of the flutter reduction stuff today is like that too. Going slightly off topic, a friend of mine has a player and a number of cylinders in generally excellent condition that will need cleaning up and pitch correcting when I find time and tuits. The first one he's recorded onto the computer has a sliding pitch profile as the spring runs down, which is going to be fun... You _do_ know that there are modern cylinder transcription machines out there designed to do clean transcriptions at constant speed with much lower flutter and distortion than an Edison machine, right? --scott -- "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis." |
#15
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On 05/04/2017 15:56, Scott Dorsey wrote:
John Williamson wrote: The first one he's recorded onto the computer has a sliding pitch profile as the spring runs down, which is going to be fun... You _do_ know that there are modern cylinder transcription machines out there designed to do clean transcriptions at constant speed with much lower flutter and distortion than an Edison machine, right? --scott Yes, but he doesn't own one, and for a hobby project, it's not worth asking him to buy or build one. There is at least one good copy of the cylinder he's recorded available on the web, but it's not *his* cylinder. ;-) In other words, we are playing, and, with any luck, learning. -- Tciao for Now! John. |
#16
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On 4/5/2017 11:07 AM, John Williamson wrote:
On 05/04/2017 15:56, Scott Dorsey wrote: John Williamson wrote: The first one he's recorded onto the computer has a sliding pitch profile as the spring runs down, which is going to be fun... You _do_ know that there are modern cylinder transcription machines out there designed to do clean transcriptions at constant speed with much lower flutter and distortion than an Edison machine, right? --scott Yes, but he doesn't own one, and for a hobby project, it's not worth asking him to buy or build one. There is at least one good copy of the cylinder he's recorded available on the web, but it's not *his* cylinder. ;-) In other words, we are playing, and, with any luck, learning. Good luck in finding one of those tuits. Seems the round ones are quite scarce. :-) == Later... Ron Capik -- |
#17
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On Tuesday, April 4, 2017 at 8:41:57 PM UTC-4, geoff wrote:
On 5/04/2017 11:58 a.m., wrote: et more sophisticated with trying to resurrect the music without tape hiss. -- But tape hiss is "normal"! -- Just toss the tapes out and buy MP3s. Jack Maybe these cassettes are not of commercial or otherwise-available releases ? Really? Mike tells his female friend, I asked the question, and these guys want to know the following: A.) Have you ever adjusted tape head azimuth, and what equipment do you plan to use to calibrate at 1.0 and 10.0 kHz!!?? B.) Can you operate a DAW, either free or fancy, what actual experience do you have? C.) Do you plan on using Dolby noise reduction, A, B, C etc or DBX?! Jack :-) geoff |
#18
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This was sparked by a 90 sec. chat. She pointed to my recorder, and
asked if it could dub cassette tapes. I said 'Sure, just plug the cassette deck into the line in jacks.' Then she was out the door. Must have The Talk with her, and get a little clarity on her requirements and expectations. (Requirements and expectations are hardly ever the same thing, and she may assume that all she needs to do is push record and play.) Thanks- I got what I needed, and quite a bit more. Cheers Mike |
#20
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On 05/04/2017 17:22, Michael Beacom wrote:
I think she wants to dub her original recordings, so these guys guessed correctly. If I'm lucky, she recorded the cassettes on her Marantz (PMD 221?) reporter's cassette deck. She had it with here, and it apparantly still works. Which brings up another issue- The playback machine should be serviced. When it does get serviced, don't touch the azimuth, as if it was incorrect when recording, it will need to have the same error when playing back. If it is altered, then the playback will lose HF. If it is felt necessary to do anything other than cleaning and demagnetising to the head, then the self recorded cassettes should be used when checking the alignment after adjustment. Also, make a test recording using the same type of tape, and use that to calibrate the Dolby playback settings in the DAW plugin if used. -- Tciao for Now! John. |
#21
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On Wednesday, April 5, 2017 at 12:22:34 PM UTC-4, Michael Beacom wrote:
On 2017-04-05 15:31:11 +0000, said: On Tuesday, April 4, 2017 at 8:41:57 PM UTC-4, geoff wrote: On 5/04/2017 11:58 a.m., wrote: et more sophisticated with trying to resurrect the music without tape hiss. -- But tape hiss is "normal"! -- Just toss the tapes out and buy MP3s. Jack Maybe these cassettes are not of commercial or otherwise-available releases ? Really? Mike tells his female friend, I asked the question, and these guys want to know the following: A.) Have you ever adjusted tape head azimuth, and what equipment do you plan to use to calibrate at 1.0 and 10.0 kHz!!?? B.) Can you operate a DAW, either free or fancy, what actual experience do you have? C.) Do you plan on using Dolby noise reduction, A, B, C etc or DBX?! Jack :-) geoff I think she wants to dub her original recordings, so these guys guessed correctly. If I'm lucky, she recorded the cassettes on her Marantz (PMD 221?) reporter's cassette deck. She had it with here, and it apparantly still works. Which brings up another issue- The playback machine should be serviced. So, who in the WDC Metro area works on cassette machines? Thanks again for your help, Mike Marantz? I haven't heard that name brand since the '70's!! But, really, at the diner I eat, paper place-mat has best prices for digital transfers from anything, movies, audio, whatever. Is it really worth the pain to do it yourself/herself? Jack |
#22
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Michael Beacom wrote:
I think she wants to dub her original recordings, so these guys guessed correctly. If I'm lucky, she recorded the cassettes on her Marantz (PMD 221?) reporter's cassette deck. She had it with here, and it apparantly still works. Which brings up another issue- The playback machine should be serviced. So, who in the WDC Metro area works on cassette machines? Washington Professional Systems in Wheaton. When you take it to them, include one of the original cassettes and have them set the azimuth up to match it rather than setting it up off the alignment tape. Since the azimuth drift is constant and severe it still won't be right, but it'll be a good start. --scott -- "C'est un Nagra. C'est suisse, et tres, tres precis." |
#23
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On Wednesday, April 5, 2017 at 12:47:36 PM UTC-4, John Williamson wrote:
On 05/04/2017 17:22, Michael Beacom wrote: I think she wants to dub her original recordings, so these guys guessed correctly. If I'm lucky, she recorded the cassettes on her Marantz (PMD 221?) reporter's cassette deck. She had it with here, and it apparantly still works. Which brings up another issue- The playback machine should be serviced. When it does get serviced, don't touch the azimuth, as if it was incorrect when recording, it will need to have the same error when playing back. If it is altered, then the playback will lose HF. If it is felt necessary to do anything other than cleaning and demagnetising to the head, then the self recorded cassettes should be used when checking the alignment after adjustment. Also, make a test recording using the same type of tape, and use that to calibrate the Dolby playback settings in the DAW plugin if used. -- Tciao for Now! John. If Mike is correct, it looks like this recorder is for Dictation (maybe the D in PMD). So, I wouldn't even think about screwing with head adjustment. $349 USD in its day! Jack |
#24
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On 2017-04-05 17:14:37 +0000, Scott Dorsey said:
Michael Beacom wrote: I think she wants to dub her original recordings, so these guys guessed correctly. If I'm lucky, she recorded the cassettes on her Marantz (PMD 221?) reporter's cassette deck. She had it with here, and it apparantly still works. Which brings up another issue- The playback machine should be serviced. So, who in the WDC Metro area works on cassette machines? Washington Professional Systems in Wheaton. When you take it to them, include one of the original cassettes and have them set the azimuth up to match it rather than setting it up off the alignment tape. Since the azimuth drift is constant and severe it still won't be right, but it'll be a good start. --scott Thanks Scott- the answer I was looking for again. A good average azimuth is about all we can hope for... Cheers Mike |
#25
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On 4/5/2017 12:22 PM, Michael Beacom wrote:
So, who in the WDC Metro area works on cassette machines? Oh, now I know who you are. Yeah, I guess WPS is about the only place that still has a service shop. -- For a good time, call http://mikeriversaudio.wordpress.com |
#26
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Scott Dorsey wrote:
You _do_ know that there are modern cylinder transcription machines out there designed to do clean transcriptions at constant speed with much lower flutter and distortion than an Edison machine, right? --scott One of my designs at: http://www.poppyrecords.co.uk/ADM001/S05a.htm If he wants to try building one, all the circuits are available from the links on that webpage free of charge. The surface speed is kept constant by varying the rotational speed of the mandrel, so that oval and eccentric cylinders don't wow. -- ~ Adrian Tuddenham ~ (Remove the ".invalid"s and add ".co.uk" to reply) www.poppyrecords.co.uk |
#27
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On Wednesday, April 5, 2017 at 11:07:55 AM UTC-4, John Williamson wrote:
On 05/04/2017 15:56, Scott Dorsey wrote: John Williamson wrote: The first one he's recorded onto the computer has a sliding pitch profile as the spring runs down, which is going to be fun... You _do_ know that there are modern cylinder transcription machines out there designed to do clean transcriptions at constant speed with much lower flutter and distortion than an Edison machine, right? --scott Yes, but he doesn't own one, and for a hobby project, it's not worth asking him to buy or build one. There is at least one good copy of the cylinder he's recorded available on the web, but it's not *his* cylinder. ;-) In other words, we are playing, and, with any luck, learning. -- Tciao for Now! John. Maybe you would benefit by buying a new set of ears? Jack ![]() |
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