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Audio Empire wrote:
On Wed, 2 Mar 2011 08:03:43 -0800, Sebastian Kaliszewski wrote (in article ): Audio Empire wrote: On Tue, 1 Mar 2011 14:05:25 -0800, Arny Krueger wrote (in article ): "Audio Empire" wrote in message I can't answer that except to say again, that there is no reason to expect that any two DACs would sound the same. Seems very unscientific. Appears to totally reject the well-known and widely accepted belief that the ear has thresholds for perception of noise and distortion. No, my statement does not in any way reject that premise. However, it is being found that these thresholds are not fixed and can not only vary greatly from individual to individual but can be affected in a single individual by levels of stress, and other psychological variables of human emotional response. Yes, but that does not change the facts that there are limits to those tresholds anyways. In a similar way, some men could run much faster than others, especially after proper training, nutrition, preparations before run, etc. But it doesn't change the reality that about 25mph is absolute top human speed. And creating a device wchich would outrun every athlete, even the best ones, is pretty easy. Many examples in the scientific literature where even very dissimilar DACs and ADCs were compared without positive results. While that's true, it doesn't, in and of itself, prove anything. Remember the scientific axiom: "absence of evidence is not evidence of absence". While DBT results are useful (especially when a positive result is returned or when negative results proves a physical or mathematical prediction), negative results that do not support an otherwise provable result, are just that; negative results. But in this case we have apropriate "physical or mathematical prediction"... FR is flat within +/-0.2dB (better than some combinations of cable+speaker), and in most significant 35Hz-10kHz it's +/-0.1dB, THD+N is down below -110dB, IMD is down below -100dB, phase response is flat, ringing is down -80dB, preringing is even less, jitter is below 1ns, etc. That's not what I meant. I meant that in the case of cables, for instance, the physics tells us that cannot be any difference between cables and interconnects and that they can have no "sound". The physics says that this is so, and the maths performed on any cable for which we have specs (resistance/ft, capacitance/ft, inductance/ft) allows us to calculate the impedance of that cable at any frequency. From "DC" to at least 20 KHz, we can see that any speaker cable and any interconnect on the market , in any of the lengths commonly used in home audio, that these conductors have absolutely no effect on the signal passing through them. The DBTs confirm what we already know. Now show me the same sort of physics and maths that predicts that all A/D, D/A and amplifier circuits will sound the same irrespective of design, component quality, or build quality. To be exact, in the case of cables physics tells us they're same sounding if the connections are good, thickness is within sensible range, etc. Interconnect in which there is a cold bond bewteen a cable and a connector might sound a bit strange ![]() parameters are within range. Now physics and psychoacustics predict that all A/D, D/A and applifier circuits sound the same given their parameters are within range. Getting withing range is significantly easier in case of cables, of course. But that doesn't preclude both improperly made cable (there are such) as well as properly made active component (with parameters withing range). [...] Anybody who can't hear the difference between a Benchmark, an Antelope, and a DCS Scarlatti DAC/Master clock combo, simply isn't paying attention. No, they're simply doing good bias-controlled listening tests. That's an assumption not in evidence - on several fronts. First, you are assuming that proper bias controlled tests haven't been performed, I might remember things wrong and I could miss some test descriptions of yours, but from what I remember you descrived one DBT of three DAC's you discuss few paragraphs above. But from what I rememeber, some claimed results had no statisticaly significant backing. Also, as far as I remember, statistical analysis iself (not its claimed results) and full set of each test results of all participants (not just one person( were not given to you and that person conducting the test was an representative of a party interested in demonstrating that $$$$$ components are sonically improved against $$ components. I heard a difference. between the DACs as did some others. No, I did not get to see the tabulated results, as I said a few months ago. Whether I or anyone else "got it right" with any statistical certainty is unknown to me. But the fact that I found it fairly easy to distinguish one DAC from another has made me mighty skeptical of the "All DACs sound alike" school. Since then I have lived with both a DCS Scarlatti/DCS Master Clock box as well as the Antelope Zodiac, and they do different things to the same digital source on long term listening (I've already established to my satisfaction in a DBT that they are "different" and now the long-term testing in my system tells me what those differences are), and it ain't subtle!. Well, I've maybe written about this before, but I'm not sure. Anways... Some (not very long) time ago my friend tried to decide which aplifier to buy (as his pevious one showed aging problems). He took 3 amplifiers home and wanted to check them. He also wanted to consult with someone other which would be the right buy, so invited me to listen to them. So the informal test begun. We compared amp A with amp B. Amp B seemd to sound nicer -- "sweeter" and more "musical". So we compared B against C -- again C sounded nicer again (again "sweeter" and more "musical"). So compared C against A (to close the cycle). And, funili enough, it was A which souned nicer. One could repeat the test and it was the same -- next applifier souned nicer in each compared pair ![]() then it was again, the second one of each tested pair souned nicer. So far with such kind of evaluation. Results were clearly in our brains (and most probably short and mid term musical memory) not in the equipment. I'm not ignoring it. Had I wanted to do that, I would have left out that part of the quote (as some who post here would have, no doubt, surely done). I agree that the burden of proof is on those of us who are skeptical of Meyer and Moran's (or any of the other null-result tests of this particular premise) result. I just don't know how to go about testing that hypothesis in a scientific manner. IOW, if one is sure that DBTs aren't reliable for this kind of test because one is 100% sure that DACs sound different and that those differences make themselves known only over time, how does one prove it to the satisfaction of all concerned? Well, DBT could be performed over long periods of time (even days or weeks). It needs some preparations, but is doable. Setup two devices being compared, set their gain to measuredly same level (within 0.1dB), and connect them to the same source and allow them to work concurrently. Only put blind randomized switch to their outputs. Turn the random switch at the beginig of the session/day/week/other listening period, when, after comfortable time of otherwise normal usage of the sysem, you feel you know which output of which device is passed by a switch (and which is blocked) note down your answer and then check what was real switch setting and note down wether your answer was right or wrong. Something like this: http://www.amazon.co.uk/product-revi...owViewpoints=1 simple device allows to split digital signal coming from one source to inputs of two devices. Alternatively, if those DACs do not show the level of the incoming signal or indicate wether incoming signal is present (or is non zero) one could switch the inputs as well. There should be about 15 or more such sessions to get statistically significant results, so the whole test could take a while, but it doesn't make it impossible to perform. rgds \SK -- "Never underestimate the power of human stupidity" -- L. Lang -- http://www.tajga.org -- (some photos from my travels) |
#2
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Posted to rec.audio.high-end
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On Fri, 4 Mar 2011 06:29:00 -0800, Sebastian Kaliszewski wrote
(in article ): Audio Empire wrote: On Wed, 2 Mar 2011 08:03:43 -0800, Sebastian Kaliszewski wrote (in article ): Audio Empire wrote: On Tue, 1 Mar 2011 14:05:25 -0800, Arny Krueger wrote (in article ): "Audio Empire" wrote in message I can't answer that except to say again, that there is no reason to expect that any two DACs would sound the same. Seems very unscientific. Appears to totally reject the well-known and widely accepted belief that the ear has thresholds for perception of noise and distortion. No, my statement does not in any way reject that premise. However, it is being found that these thresholds are not fixed and can not only vary greatly from individual to individual but can be affected in a single individual by levels of stress, and other psychological variables of human emotional response. Yes, but that does not change the facts that there are limits to those tresholds anyways. In a similar way, some men could run much faster than others, especially after proper training, nutrition, preparations before run, etc. But it doesn't change the reality that about 25mph is absolute top human speed. And creating a device wchich would outrun every athlete, even the best ones, is pretty easy. Many examples in the scientific literature where even very dissimilar DACs and ADCs were compared without positive results. While that's true, it doesn't, in and of itself, prove anything. Remember the scientific axiom: "absence of evidence is not evidence of absence". While DBT results are useful (especially when a positive result is returned or when negative results proves a physical or mathematical prediction), negative results that do not support an otherwise provable result, are just that; negative results. But in this case we have apropriate "physical or mathematical prediction"... FR is flat within +/-0.2dB (better than some combinations of cable+speaker), and in most significant 35Hz-10kHz it's +/-0.1dB, THD+N is down below -110dB, IMD is down below -100dB, phase response is flat, ringing is down -80dB, preringing is even less, jitter is below 1ns, etc. That's not what I meant. I meant that in the case of cables, for instance, the physics tells us that cannot be any difference between cables and interconnects and that they can have no "sound". The physics says that this is so, and the maths performed on any cable for which we have specs (resistance/ft, capacitance/ft, inductance/ft) allows us to calculate the impedance of that cable at any frequency. From "DC" to at least 20 KHz, we can see that any speaker cable and any interconnect on the market , in any of the lengths commonly used in home audio, that these conductors have absolutely no effect on the signal passing through them. The DBTs confirm what we already know. Now show me the same sort of physics and maths that predicts that all A/D, D/A and amplifier circuits will sound the same irrespective of design, component quality, or build quality. To be exact, in the case of cables physics tells us they're same sounding if the connections are good, thickness is within sensible range, etc. Interconnect in which there is a cold bond bewteen a cable and a connector might sound a bit strange ![]() parameters are within range. No. The physics and math tell us what the performance characteristics of the wire is. And of course, measurements will tell us the quality of the connections. Now physics and psychoacustics predict that all A/D, D/A and amplifier circuits sound the same given their parameters are within range. I disagree. Measurements tell us what some of the performance characteristics of a electronic circuit will be and the physics and math will characterize that device to a certain point. We use maths to design these devices, they tell us, for instance, what resistors to use to bias a transistor for the correct current flow, and to set the feedback for the gain. Maths tell us, what size capacitor to use to couple the lowest frequency in which we're interested from stage to stage. Maths also allow us to tailor filters to our needs and tell us how they will perform in the frequency domain. What the physics and maths don't predict at the design level (among other things) is the difference in many performance parameters between components of different qualities. For instance, I can design an all transistor amplifier and get all of the component values right, and yet ruin the design sonically, just by choosing the wrong kind of component. A high gain stage might call for 33,000 Ohm resistor. OK, fine. I'll use a 33,000 Ohm resistor. But if I choose a carbon composition resistor instead of a metal film, that high gain stage will be noisy. The maths and physics I used to design that amplifier didn't predict that, and if I build TWO such amps, one with metal film resistors and one with carbon comp resistors, they'll sound different and anyone will instantly tell them apart in a DBT! Same thing with capacitor selection. If my design called for a a series of coupling capacitors capacitor in the signal path and I used tantalum capacitors in those spots instead of a some kind of low DA film capacitor like a polypropylene or a mylar film capacitor, the amp circuit is going to sound different than it would had I used the low DA types of capacitors. This is not as cut and dry as it seems. While the laws of physics will predict that the two types of resistors will have very different self-noise characteristics, that's not generally a primary consideration when designing an amplifier. Sure, the designer probably knows better than to use certain components, and what the results would be if he did, but the physics behind the design exercise don't encompass those types of choices. They only predict such things as frequency response, gain, harmonic and intermodulation distortion and signal-to-noise ratio based on the parameters of the components used. However, change the quality of the components and one can make two identical amplifier sound different, and that's the point. Getting withing range is significantly easier in case of cables, of course. Yeah, for interconnects it just need to be wire. For speakers, it just needs to be heavy enough wire for power of the amp used. But that doesn't preclude both improperly made cable (there are such) Yeah like cables with suspicious boxes and bulges built into them suggesting that they contain components other than just wire and a couple of connectors. But these are no longer conductors, they are passive filters - fixed tone controls, as it were. as well as properly made active component (with parameters withing range). But that's a tall order. Electronic components sound different from one another and lots of them in a big design like a high-power amplifier or even a preamp add together and change the sound. That's why designers have to measure and listen to their designs after they've designed and prototyped them. To hear Arny and some of the others here, One would think that all an audio designer need do, is draw the design out on the back of a napkin and say, "put it into production!" I mean if all amps sound the same, why spend the time and money testing and "tweaking" the design? Anybody who can't hear the difference between a Benchmark, an Antelope, and a DCS Scarlatti DAC/Master clock combo, simply isn't paying attention. No, they're simply doing good bias-controlled listening tests. That's an assumption not in evidence - on several fronts. First, you are assuming that proper bias controlled tests haven't been performed, I might remember things wrong and I could miss some test descriptions of yours, but from what I remember you descrived one DBT of three DAC's you discuss few paragraphs above. But from what I rememeber, some claimed results had no statisticaly significant backing. Also, as far as I remember, statistical analysis iself (not its claimed results) and full set of each test results of all participants (not just one person( were not given to you and that person conducting the test was an representative of a party interested in demonstrating that $$$$$ components are sonically improved against $$ components. I heard a difference. between the DACs as did some others. No, I did not get to see the tabulated results, as I said a few months ago. Whether I or anyone else "got it right" with any statistical certainty is unknown to me. But the fact that I found it fairly easy to distinguish one DAC from another has made me mighty skeptical of the "All DACs sound alike" school. Since then I have lived with both a DCS Scarlatti/DCS Master Clock box as well as the Antelope Zodiac, and they do different things to the same digital source on long term listening (I've already established to my satisfaction in a DBT that they are "different" and now the long-term testing in my system tells me what those differences are), and it ain't subtle!. Well, I've maybe written about this before, but I'm not sure. Anways... Some (not very long) time ago my friend tried to decide which aplifier to buy (as his pevious one showed aging problems). He took 3 amplifiers home and wanted to check them. He also wanted to consult with someone other which would be the right buy, so invited me to listen to them. So the informal test begun. We compared amp A with amp B. Amp B seemd to sound nicer -- "sweeter" and more "musical". So we compared B against C -- again C sounded nicer again (again "sweeter" and more "musical"). So compared C against A (to close the cycle). And, funili enough, it was A which souned nicer. One could repeat the test and it was the same -- next applifier souned nicer in each compared pair ![]() then it was again, the second one of each tested pair souned nicer. So far with such kind of evaluation. Results were clearly in our brains (and most probably short and mid term musical memory) not in the equipment. I'm sure it was in your brain. The point is that's no way to evaluate an amplifier. The way to evaluate which amp you like best is to replace your current amp with a new contender and listen to it for a few days. Get to know how it sounds on a variety of program material. If you find that after a few hours, any differences that you heard between your old and your new amp have sort of disappeared in your mind, then the new amp is probably fine. If those differences still bother you after a few days, then you'd best try another. The reality is that modern solid-state amps sound much closer to one another than they ever have in history. This is because there are things that have become standard practice in amp design, things like no or low global feedback. The use of low-noise resistors, polypropylene and polystyrene capacitors throughout, oversized power supplies, strong class-A bias for the first 10-30 Watts of power, MOSFET output devices, etc.. The result is that most amps sound very good these days. So good that the differences disappear from most of our consciousnesses after but a few moments of listening. I'm not ignoring it. Had I wanted to do that, I would have left out that part of the quote (as some who post here would have, no doubt, surely done). I agree that the burden of proof is on those of us who are skeptical of Meyer and Moran's (or any of the other null-result tests of this particular premise) result. I just don't know how to go about testing that hypothesis in a scientific manner. IOW, if one is sure that DBTs aren't reliable for this kind of test because one is 100% sure that DACs sound different and that those differences make themselves known only over time, how does one prove it to the satisfaction of all concerned? Well, DBT could be performed over long periods of time (even days or weeks). It needs some preparations, but is doable. Setup two devices being compared, set their gain to measuredly same level (within 0.1dB), and connect them to the same source and allow them to work concurrently. Only put blind randomized switch to their outputs. Turn the random switch at the beginig of the session/day/week/other listening period, when, after comfortable time of otherwise normal usage of the sysem, you feel you know which output of which device is passed by a switch (and which is blocked) note down your answer and then check what was real switch setting and note down wether your answer was right or wrong. Something like this: http://www.amazon.co.uk/product- reviews/B000RWDUYO/ref=dp_top_cm_cr_acr_txt?ie =UTF8&showViewpoints=1 simple device allows to split digital signal coming from one source to inputs of two devices. Alternatively, if those DACs do not show the level of the incoming signal or indicate wether incoming signal is present (or is non zero) one could switch the inputs as well. There should be about 15 or more such sessions to get statistically significant results, so the whole test could take a while, but it doesn't make it impossible to perform. But we still don't have proof that DBTs are reliable for audio, we just assume they are because they work so well for other kinds of bias-controlled testing. |
#3
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Posted to rec.audio.high-end
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On Mar 4, 2:35=A0pm, Audio Empire wrote:
But we still don't have proof that DBTs are reliable for audio, we just assume they are because they work so well for other kinds of bias-control= led testing. To the contrary, we have proof that nothing *except* DBTs are reliable for audio. bob |
#4
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Posted to rec.audio.high-end
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On Fri, 4 Mar 2011 19:24:35 -0800, bob wrote
(in article ): On Mar 4, 2:35=A0pm, Audio Empire wrote: But we still don't have proof that DBTs are reliable for audio, we just assume they are because they work so well for other kinds of bias-control= led testing. To the contrary, we have proof that nothing *except* DBTs are reliable for audio. bob Really, how do we prove that? With DBTs? |
#5
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Posted to rec.audio.high-end
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"Audio Empire" wrote in message
On Fri, 4 Mar 2011 06:29:00 -0800, Sebastian Kaliszewski wrote (in article ): No. The physics and math tell us what the performance characteristics of the wire is. And of course, measurements will tell us the quality of the connections. The same is true for more complex electronics. Now physics and psychoacustics predict that all A/D, D/A and amplifier circuits sound the same given their parameters are within range. I disagree. Measurements tell us what some of the performance characteristics of a electronic circuit will be and the physics and math will characterize that device to a certain point. That point is very well refined. We use maths to design these devices, they tell us, for instance, what resistors to use to bias a transistor for the correct current flow, and to set the feedback for the gain. Maths tell us, what size capacitor to use to couple the lowest frequency in which we're interested from stage to stage. Maths also allow us to tailor filters to our needs and tell us how they will perform in the frequency domain. The mathematics all predict nonlinear distortion, etc. What the physics and maths don't predict at the design level (among other things) is the difference in many performance parameters between components of different qualities. Not true. The mathematical models for various qualities and types of components are known and can be plugged into the circuit models. For instance, I can design an all transistor amplifier and get all of the component values right, and yet ruin the design sonically, just by choosing the wrong kind of component. Not a problem for the reasons already stated. A high gain stage might call for 33,000 Ohm resistor. OK, fine. I'll use a 33,000 Ohm resistor. But if I choose a carbon composition resistor instead of a metal film, that high gain stage will be noisy. You're joking, right? Nobody is using carbon composition resistors these days. The maths and physics I used to design that amplifier didn't predict that, and if I build TWO such amps, one with metal film resistors and one with carbon comp resistors, they'll sound different and anyone will instantly tell them apart in a DBT! I remember what life was like in the days of carbon composition resistors, and I also remember what happened on the occasions where I replaced carbon comp resistors with metal film resistors. In general: Nothing. The problem was not so much what a good carbon comp resistor did, its what happened when that resistor went into some of its possible partial failure moded. Same thing with capacitor selection. If my design called for a a series of coupling capacitors capacitor in the signal path and I used tantalum capacitors in those spots instead of a some kind of low DA film capacitor like a polypropylene or a mylar film capacitor, the amp circuit is going to sound different than it would had I used the low DA types of capacitors. Same story. I even had a well-known capacitor dielectric maven whose named rhymed with bung send me some good and bad capacitors to try in some projects. The so-called bad capacitors were simply not the part that long accepted wisdom said should be used in the application. The good capacitors were film capacitors but in actual use there was no measuable or audible benefit as compared again to what long accepted wisdom said should be used. DA is important in sample-and-hold circuits and afew other applications. The fallacies associated with audio enthusiast misunderstandings of DA have been explained well by well-known and highly regarded experts such as Robert Pease of National Semiconductor. This is not as cut and dry as it seems. While the laws of physics will predict that the two types of resistors will have very different self-noise characteristics, that's not generally a primary consideration when designing an amplifier. Absolute and total misrepesentation of generally accepted engineering standards, even those long before audiophile capacitor parania struck. Sure, the designer probably knows better than to use certain components, and what the results would be if he did, but the physics behind the design exercise don't encompass those types of choices. They only predict such things as frequency response, gain, harmonic and intermodulation distortion and signal-to-noise ratio based on the parameters of the components used. However, change the quality of the components and one can make two identical amplifier sound different, and that's the point. There are no known relevant audio circuit design performance parameters other than linear distortion (phase and frequency response), nonlinear distortion (harmonic distortion and IM) and noise. People can pretend what they want, but any other performance parameters only show up in poorly-done listening tests. IOW, they are false positives. |
#6
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Posted to rec.audio.high-end
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On Sat, 5 Mar 2011 08:33:54 -0800, Arny Krueger wrote
(in article ): A high gain stage might call for 33,000 Ohm resistor. OK, fine. I'll use a 33,000 Ohm resistor. But if I choose a carbon composition resistor instead of a metal film, that high gain stage will be noisy. You're joking, right? Nobody is using carbon composition resistors these days. No, I'm not joking. I was using an extreme case to make a point, and that SHOULD be obvious to even the most casual observer. Of course, nobody uses carbon comp resistors any more, but if one did use them throughout an amp design, that amp would sound different from one using metal film resistors. Same thing with capacitor selection. If my design called for a a series of coupling capacitors capacitor in the signal path and I used tantalum capacitors in those spots instead of a some kind of low DA film capacitor like a polypropylene or a mylar film capacitor, the amp circuit is going to sound different than it would had I used the low DA types of capacitors. Same story. I even had a well-known capacitor dielectric maven whose named rhymed with bung send me some good and bad capacitors to try in some projects. The so-called bad capacitors were simply not the part that long accepted wisdom said should be used in the application. The good capacitors were film capacitors but in actual use there was no measuable or audible benefit as compared again to what long accepted wisdom said should be used. IOW, Walt sent you some tantalums (or maybe some aluminum) electrolytics and some Polypropylenes? Tantalums shouldn't be used in audio circuits for a number of reasons, and you are right, the wisdom not use them is well known and long established, and I know that. But again, this is an extreme example to show that component type and quality can change the quality of an otherwise decent design. DA is important in sample-and-hold circuits and afew other applications. The fallacies associated with audio enthusiast misunderstandings of DA have been explained well by well-known and highly regarded experts such as Robert Pease of National Semiconductor. I know that he disagrees with Mr. Jung et al on this issue, but blind tests between two Hafler preamp kits, many years ago, one wired per the factory, and the other wired with "Wondercaps" in place of the factory supplied capacitors, showed conclusively that the "Wondercap" wired Hafler sounded much cleaner than the one wired with the factory caps. That and an experience where I replaced the Mylar film caps with "Wondercaps" in my Magnaplanar Tympani 3Cs (the ones with the eight panels) showed me conclusively (as far as I'm concerned) that Jung was correct about capacitor sound. |
#7
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"Audio Empire" wrote in message
On Sat, 5 Mar 2011 08:33:54 -0800, Arny Krueger wrote (in article ): A high gain stage might call for 33,000 Ohm resistor. OK, fine. I'll use a 33,000 Ohm resistor. But if I choose a carbon composition resistor instead of a metal film, that high gain stage will be noisy. You're joking, right? Nobody is using carbon composition resistors these days. No, I'm not joking. I was using an extreme case to make a point, and that SHOULD be obvious to even the most casual observer. Of course, nobody uses carbon comp resistors any more, but if one did use them throughout an amp design, that amp would sound different from one using metal film resistors. That is a claim that I have personally falsified. In almost every case a properly operating carbon comp resistor in audio gear causes no audible difficulties, either on the grounds of noise or nonlinear distortion. I have actually replaced every carbon comp resistors in a number of audio components (amps, preamps) and listened to and measured the differences. Same thing with capacitor selection. If my design called for a a series of coupling capacitors capacitor in the signal path and I used tantalum capacitors in those spots instead of a some kind of low DA film capacitor like a polypropylene or a mylar film capacitor, the amp circuit is going to sound different than it would had I used the low DA types of capacitors. Same story. I even had a well-known capacitor dielectric maven whose named rhymed with bung send me some good and bad capacitors to try in some projects. The so-called bad capacitors were simply not the part that long accepted wisdom said should be used in the application. The good capacitors were film capacitors but in actual use there was no measuable or audible benefit as compared again to what long accepted wisdom said should be used. IOW, Walt sent you some tantalums (or maybe some aluminum) electrolytics and some Polypropylenes? He sent me Hi-K ceramics and and polypropylenes to be used as coupling capacitors. Tantalums shouldn't be used in audio circuits for a number of reasons, This is false. Tantalums cause no audible or measurable problems provided they have appreciable DC voltage across them. IOW they work well in audio components with single-ended power supplies. DA is important in sample-and-hold circuits and afew other applications. The fallacies associated with audio enthusiast misunderstandings of DA have been explained well by well-known and highly regarded experts such as Robert Pease of National Semiconductor. I know that he disagrees with Mr. Jung et al on this issue, but blind tests between two Hafler preamp kits, many years ago, one wired per the factory, and the other wired with "Wondercaps" in place of the factory supplied capacitors, showed conclusively that the "Wondercap" wired Hafler sounded much cleaner than the one wired with the factory caps. I know of only listening tests whose results were contrary to that. Probably just another poorly-done single blind (i.e., defective double blind) evaluation. In fact its hard to find measurable differences in that situation, let alone audible ones. That and an experience where I replaced the Mylar film caps with "Wondercaps" in my Magnaplanar Tympani 3Cs (the ones with the eight panels) showed me conclusively (as far as I'm concerned) that Jung was correct about capacitor sound. The hidden agenda in upgrades like this is that the capacitance of the capacitors and other traditional parameters such as ESR no doubt changed. The ESR of parts like these are calculated into a well-done crossover design. In the case of one well-known anecdote relating to Maggies, the original parts were not soldered in, but the replacements were. |
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