[Arny Krueger]

"Trevor Wilson" wrote in message
...

**It doesn't. At least not strictly speaking. Most manufacturers decouple
power supply rails at each OP amp, or amplifier stage within a product.

So far, so good.

For instance: A typical (not hugely expensive) CD player will contain
between 4 and 8 OP amps.

Not lately.

A typical modern CD player will probably have just one op amp - the output
buffer. Why would it need more?

Each OP amp will have two power supply rails.

Each rail at each OP amp will have a capacitor to decouple that rail.

Well really, its more like a bypass cap.

Good designers place the caps VERY close to the OP amps.

So far, so good.

Caps would typically range from 22uF to 220uF in this application.

Nonsense. The power supply bypass caps at the op amps might be 0.05 or 0.1
uF, usually ceramics.

High end CD players (often fitted with balanced outputs) may have between
8 and 16 OP amps.

Nahh, more likely they have no op amps, and rely on discrete output stages.

Or more, if headphone amps and volume controlled output are used. A DVD
or SACD player may have even more, since 5.1 channels may need to be
accommodated for.

As a rule, only SACD and DVD-A players actually have more than 2 analog
outputs. Your typical CD or DVD player has 2 analog outputs and one or two
digital outputs.