Home |
Search |
Today's Posts |
#1
|
|||
|
|||
Some tube history about 6L6.
You folks may be interested to read some info
about the 6L6 abd its derivatives at http://schema.web1000.com/tech.data/6l6.txt It was written it seems in 1996, so there have been quite a few tube developments since then. The author has high regard for the 5881. Anyone agree with that? Patrick Turner. |
#2
|
|||
|
|||
Can't get this page up - Andy
=== Andy Evans === Visit our Website:- http://www.artsandmedia.com Audio, music and health pages and interesting links. |
#3
|
|||
|
|||
Użytkownik "Andy Evans" napisał w wiadomości ... Can't get this page up - Andy This is a common problem with pages hosted on http://schema.web1000.com/ - since about a year I culd not see any page from this server. Problem occurs only when you try to use web browser, but I've managed to download this page contents using wget. -- ==========###-###*###-###============== Jaroslaw Dubowski, Bytom, Poland ==========###-###-###-###============== |
#4
|
|||
|
|||
It's just txt , so I copied it :
6L6 FOREVER By Eric Barbour (Note: This article does not include the full text, photos and graphics of the original one published in VTV Issue #4.) If you ever fnd yourself being harassed by a techie who insists upon criticizing you for your interest in vacuum tubes, there is an easy answer. He can be silenced with a simple question. Ask him if any early type integrated circuits will still be manufactured and used in new products in, say, the year 2030. If he's honest, the answer will be "no". Then tell him that the frst-ever beam power tube is still selling in the millions today, and shows no sign of becoming obsolete.....after 60 years. That should get rid of him. As of March 1996, the mighty 6L6 is celebrating its 60th birthday. It's still being manufactured in Russia and China. And its popularity in guitar amps is assured for the conceivable future. Various "experts" in the mainstream electronics industry, who relentlessly kill old technologies and curse people who use them, can do nothing about the 6L6 *p; it continues to be a dominant voicemaker of rock'n'roll guitar. Many "experts" have tried to simulate the 6L6 guitar amp with various semiconductor-laden gizmos, from complex analog computers to DSP chips. With varying technical success, and with little or no fnancial success. There are numerous companies making 6L6 amps today; companies such as Fender, Mesa-Boogie, Ampeg, Peavey, Kendrick, Victoria, Soldano, THD, Louis Electric and many others have staked some of their product lines on the 6L6. So don't accept the mutterings about "dead technology". 1. HISTORY In 1931, the audio outputs of radio sets were dominated by triodes such as the UX-171 and UX-245. But even though push-pull 245s could produce 5 watts easily, there was ongoing pressure from manufacturers for ever-more-effcient output tubes. The pentode was the answer at frst. It originated in Europe, with the frst American power types being the Champion P-704 and Arcturus PZ. These were very early types and had some reliability problems. They were quickly superceded by RCA's UX-247, released June 1931. Suddenly you could get 2.5 watts out of a single tube, with easy drive requirements and at only 250 volts! Millions of radios used the '47, and its descendant, the 42 with its 6.3 volt heater, was even more popular. The 38, 48, 59, 2A5, and 6F6 followed, as did European types such as the Mazda AC/Pen, Cossor MP/Pen, Osram MPT4, Mullard PenA4 and numerous others. But RCA engineers were pursuing more lofty goals: low distortion with high effciency. They were developing special power tetrodes, such as the 46 (intended for Class B push-pull and giving 20 watts from a pair) and the smaller battery-set types 49 and 52. Late 1932 saw the 48, which (unlike the 46) was intended to have its screen grid connected only as a screen grid, not in parallel with the control grid as in the 46. A similar development in Britain was the Hivac "Harries". But the 48 was the ultimate father of the 6L6, and all that came after. This is a good place to describe the technical basics. In a triode (Fig. 1) electrons are boiled off the cathode or flament by heat. The electrons are attracted strongly to the positively-charged plate. But to get to it, they must pass through the control grid in their path. By varying the voltage on the grid, the electron stream is varied. Simple enough. Unfortunately, there are three problems here. First, The maximum current that can flow at low plate voltages is limited, and this limits the maximum power output. Second, in order to get a high maximum plate current, the "mu" (voltage gain) needs to be low, requiring a high grid drive voltage. The third problem is the capacitance between the plate and grid is magnifed by the gain from the grid to the plate. This is the "Miller Effect", and it makes triodes harder to use at high frequencies. So triodes have limits on their frequency response and effciency, when used as power amplifers. In the 1930s the problems were diffcult to get around; triodes with low capacitance were eventually designed. But at the time, effciency was best improved by adding another grid (Fig. 2). This was called a "screen" grid, because it acted as an electrostatic screen between the grid and plate, reducing the plate-grid capacitance. This opened up the short-wave bands, because the screen allowed greater frequency response. It also increased gain, as the fxed voltage on the screen made the plate current less dependent on the variations of plate voltage. The resulting "tetrode" became a standard for RF amplifers in radios, and the RCA 48 was about as good as a tetrode could be made for audio. But when used for amplifying audio, tetrodes have a problem. The secondary emission can be attracted to the screen grid, which lowers the plate current for low plate voltages. This is the famous "tetrode kink" (Fig. 3). It is a source of distortion in audio, and represents some wasted energy as well. Because of this, a third grid was added between the screen and plate (Fig. 4). The "suppressor" grid is widely spaced and is at the same voltage as the cathode. Thus, secondary electrons which bounce off the plate will be repelled away from the screen and back to the plate. The kink disappears, and we have a "pentode". Gain and effciency are very high, frequency response is excellent, distortion is lowered. Even so, the RCA engineers knew that the pentode has problems. One obvious one is that the screen and control grids are wound with different wire spacing. So, some electrons will pass through the spaces in the control grid, only to strike (or be defected in a useless direction by) a screen-grid wire directly in that space. That electron is wasted energy, and does not reach the load. The electrons that strike the screen just heat it up. A similar interaction can happen with the screen and suppressor, but mostly involving the secondary electrons. And some electrons can pass through gaps at the top and bottom of the grid assembly, or strike the siderods of the grids. So the main electron beam can have a circuitous route. Most of the wasted energy heats the screen grid, which in an extreme case can make them emit electrons, causing the tube's plate current to run away. In England, studies on secondary emissions showed that by spacing the plate a critical distance from the screen grid in a tetrode, a "virtual suppressor" is formed. (see side-bar) 1. Schade and his fellow RCA engineers took this concept and perfected its implementation in several ways. First, they wound the control grid and the screen grid with the same spacing. The wires were aligned, so very few electrons would strike the screen. Second, the suppressor grid was replaced with a pair of "beam plates" on either side of the grid structure. This assured that the only electrons reaching the plate were in the area where the critical plate distance was right, insuring the "virtual suppressor" was effective. The result was extremely high effciency, high linearity and lowered grid heating. The frst production version of this was encased in a metal envelope with a then-new octal base. (Fig. 5) Thus was born the 6L6. It was an immediate hit. All the major radio manufacturers started using it in their audio output stages, essentially eliminating the triodes, such as the '45 and 2A3, and elbowing out old tetrodes like the 46 and 48, and pentodes like the '47 and 6F6. And new applications appeared; ham-radio operators found that it could give usable power in a transmitter, even at shortwave frequencies, and at far lower cost than previous tubes or the official transmitting version of the 6L6, the 807. The cost of public address amplifers was affected by the new tube, as it was now practical to get 25 watts without using four 2A3s or expensive larger triodes like the 50 or 300B. Only two 6L6s were now needed, at a fraction of the cost. 2. TYPES The 6L6 gave birth to a vast array of beam tubes (Figure 6). The 6V6, 25L6, and others were immediate developments, which gave lower power for small radios at lower cost. The 807 was the beginning of a series of beam tubes intended for radio transmitters, some of which are usable beyond 500 MHz. The 807 was the direct ancestor of the famous 6146 transmitting tube. The major VHF push-pull tetrodes of World War II, the 815 and 829 were based on the 6L6. The 6550 was a high-power audio tube based on classic beam tetrode principles. The first American television horizontal amplifier or "sweep" tube, the 6BG6G, came out in 1946., and was a repackaged 6L6. It was followed by dozens of derivatives ending up in the monster color TV sweep tubes of the 1970s, such as the 6LQ6 and 6KG6/EL509. To this day, new tubes are being developed that are descended from the 6L6. The KT90, KT99 and KT100 are examples. These recent audio tubes are derived from TV sweep tubes. The original metal 6L6 was a typical design for RCA at the time. Metal-shell tubes were a passing fad of the 1930s, marketed to people who were afraid to replace their own radio tubes because of the danger of injuring their hands on broken glass. The steel envelope was more expensive to manufacture and had real problems dissipating heat, so the fad was virtually over by 1940. The metal 6L6 and its premium version, 1614, were often used in early jukebox amps and in many Zenith radio chassis, not to mention PA amps. A few maniacal radio hams found that a metal 6L6 could be operated in a bath of transformer oil, allowing it to dissipate 150 watts for short periods. The glass 6L6G, appearing in 1937, proved more popular with the conservative audio industry. It was common in nearly all WWII jukeboxes, and became nearly universal in PA amps right through the 1940s. Although the G version had the same ratings as the metal style, it took over the market. During World War II, improvements were made in the glass envelopes, and after the war, the 6L6GA was introduced. It had the smaller ST-14 "coke-bottle" envelope. In the early 1950s, the 6L6GB came out, having a straight-sided S-12 envelope. These all had the same maximum ratings as the original 6L6G. After the war, an escalation in power ratings began. This had been prefgured in the 1938 introduction in Britain of MOV's KT66, a more powerful version of the 6L6. OEMs wanted more and more power, without resorting to transmitting tubes. In 1947, Mullard introduced the EL37. It and the KT66 were more expensive in America than the 6L6s, so the RCA/GE/Sylvania business continued as more and more dissipation was demanded from the tubes. The result was a group of "supertubes", which became standard for high-power American guitar amps and some hi-f amps. In 1954, a combination of better materials and a different maximum rating system allowed the 6L6GC to raise the plate dissipation from 19 to 30 watts. In 1955, the 6550 was introduced. In 1958, the 7027 came out. In the early 1960s, the 8417 was developed. The 5881, introduced by Tung-Sol, was intended as a smaller 6L6 version for use in military and industrial equipment. Millions of 5881s were plugged into servo amplifers in aircraft such as the B-52 bomber, so this must be a rugged and reliable tube. It was standard equipment in some home hi-f amplifers, such as the classic Heathkit W-3 and W-4 series, Fisher 70A, Pilot AA-410 and many others. Fender's Bassman was equipped with 5881s, and this guitar amp (like many later models) is very demanding of its power tubes. 6L6Gs simply can not be used in such amps! The 5932 was Sylvania's rugged 6L6 type. It was never used in audio equipment and is extremely scarce. See below for more information on the 3 variations on this tube. General Electric tried to make a super-6L6 in the mid-50s, and the result was the 7581. You can easily recognize a real GE 7581 by its pinkish fesh-colored base, which is virtually unique. It was the standard tube in the classic Harman- Kardon Citation 5 amplifer, but was rarely used otherwise due to its high cost. Tube manuals sometimes give the 7581 as an exact replacement for the KT66, although it is mechanically quite different. Still, it has become a valuable tube due to its ability to tolerate the high voltages in post-1958 6L6 guitar amps. TABLE 1: ESCALATION OF 6L6 RATINGS OVER THE YEARS DISSIPATION MAX PLATE V MAX SCREEN V 6L6/G/GA/GB 19 W 360 V 270 V KT66 (1940s-on) 25 W 500 V 400 V EL37 (1947) 25 W 800 V 800 V 5932 (1950) 21 W 400 V 300 V 5881 (1950) 23 W 360 V 270 V 6L6GC (1954) 30 W 500 V 450 V 7027 (1958?) 35W 600V 500 V 7581 (1956) 30 W 500 V 450 V 7581A (1960) 35 W 500 V 450 V All of these were pluggable into any 6L6 socket, and biased very similarly. All used 0.9 amps at 6.3 volts on the flament, except the KT66 which used 1.25 amps and the EL37 which used 1.4 amps. There were so many variations of this form that we can't get space to list them in this magazine. I could go into the 6AR6, or the Bendix Red Bank 6384 (covered in a separate article), or variations with different flament voltages like the lower-power 25L6. There are numerous variations of the 6V6, there are Western Electric types like the 350B, there are numerous transmitting types, there are hundreds of sweep tubes. There are miniatures like the 6AQ5 and 7189. There are the late-50s audio types like 7591, 7868, 7355. Those will have to wait for future articles. As I said, the major applications of these tubes were in PA amplifers and radio outputs, jukeboxes, and some early hi-f amps. But the future and longevity of the 6L6 were assured when Leo Fender put them in his large guitar amps, starting with the Dual Professional in 1947. Fender's large amps of the late 1950s, including the Showman, Bassman, Pro, and Twin models, became the essence of American rock. Indeed, the 1959 Bassman and 1960 Twin are among the most copied electronic gadgets in history, with a variety of new "boutique" manufacturers producing their own versions. If you include the 6V6-powered Deluxe models in that short list, then the old Fender designs are the undisputed standards. In 1972, the late Tom Ruberto of Sylvania developed a special version of their standard 6L6GC, for Fender. This type had extra mica spacers and was designed to hang upside-down, as well as being designed to tolerate 500 volts on the plate and screen. This was the frst STR (special test requirement) 6L6. It became a standard, so much so that "STR", long after the 1988 shutdown of the Sylvania tube factory, is a standard term used to describe 6L6GCs with this large cylindrical envelope. GE even introduced their own version, and both had numerous guitar amps designed around them. I once repaired a guitar amp made by Acoustic, circa 1979. It had four 6L6GC-STRs, and put 750 volts on them. The owners of this model don't realize that they have a dangerous beast there. Unfortunately, many such amps continue to be used, although the STR tubes are no longer being made and are getting expensive. Because of the chaos of 6L6 types and the often-brutal conditions they endure in music amps, testing becomes even more important. The problem with some types is usually their design limitations, not design faws. Older tubes often had surface treatments on their mica insulators which reduced manufacturing costs, while allowing some leakage current to reach their control grids. Such tubes are limited in plate-voltage capability. And supertubes like the KT66 usually have gold-plated grids to prevent grid emission, which can also destroy the tube. Since I have tried out many tubes for this magazine (primarily with an eye toward high-fdelity use), it's worth looking at the 6L6 types closely to also determine what vintage-guitar-amp users need. 3. TESTS As with previous tube tests in past issues of VTV, I used a special single- ended test amp to examine the distortion characteristics of a large cross- section of old 6L6 types, as well as a few current-production items. The driver was a 6EM7 and the output load was a One Electron UBT-1 with the 8-ohm test load connected to the 4-ohm tap, thus presenting 3200 ohms to the tube's plate. This test has been most revealing in the past, and the 6L6s were even more unexpected in their behavior. As in the past, distortion is almost all second-harmonic and was measured at 1 watt into an 8-ohm load. Each tube was biased to 50 milliamps, a typical value for 6L6s, then tested. All the types were run at 300 volts triode connection, then types that were rated to accept 500 volts on plate were run again at 500v, with 300 volts on the screen. These lists only show types for which I was able to obtain multiple samples. The 5932s came in 3 styles, I tested one of each and combined them; they weren't much different electrically. Only one WE 350B was tested; it warmed up very slowly but gave excellent results. 6L6 TYPES WITH MULTIPLE SAMPLES: 1. Triode 300v average distortion 1614 metal RCA .61% 4 samples 6L6 metal RCA .62 4 KT66 MOV .63 4 6P3S Russian .64 12 6L6GC Sylvania short .72 4 EL37 Mullard .78 4 5881 Sovtek Russia .85 4 6L6G RCA .85 3 5932 Syl JAN .91 2 6L6GC China .93 2 6L6WGB Philips short .93 8 6L6WGB GE Canada .96 9 7027A RCA .97 4 5881/6L6WGB TungSol .98 18 7581A Philips 1985 1.06 2 7581A GE pink base 1.06 2 6L6GC GE short 1.18 3 2. Pentode 500v (screen 300v) average distortion KT66 MOV .88% 4 samples EL37 Mullard .91 4 6L6GC Sylvania short .95 3 5881 Sovtek 1989 .97 4 6L6WGB GE Canada 1.07 6 5881/6L6WGB TungSol 1.08 17 6L6GC China 1.08 2 6L6WGB Phil/Syl short 1.12 10 7027A RCA 1.14 4 6L6GC Sylvania STR 1.16 2 5932 Syl JAN 1.16 2 7581A GE pink base 1.19 2 7581A Philips 1985 1.22 2 6L6GC GE short 1.25 2 Many tubes that appear on the 300v list are not on the 500v list. This is because those particular tubes are NOT rated by their manufacturers for operation at 500 volts on the plate. This includes the metal 6L6s and 1614s, the 6L6G, GA, GB, and the Russian 6P3S, which is often sold as a 6L6GC even though it is not intended for more than 400v on the plate. (A true GC should be rated for 500v.) We respect the intentions of the original manufacturers. So, too, should users stick to the published ratings. I have tried to put 500v on the older types and on 6P3Ss, and they usually start to creak (and, sometimes, try to self-destruct due to grid emission or leakage currents). So I defnitely do not recommend these types for guitar amps, which often have plate voltages of 450v or more. The peak-power tests are not listed here, but we will summarize: it was revealed that the MOV KT66, Mullard EL37, Sylvania GC and the rare 350B (a Western Electric type) are superior to other 6L6 types in peak output. If the application demands maximum peak output (and money is no object), these tubes are best. Be prepared to pay more than $150 for each KT66, EL37 or 350B. NOS usually brings such prices, but good used tubes are acceptable. Make sure your NOS dealer warranties that the used tube is healthy! In using this list, keep in mind that the needs of hi-f and guitar amplifcation do not necessarily match. It is typical for hi-f users to prefer tubes from the top of the list; the KT66 and EL37 are especially sought- after, and the list refects this. On the other hand, for guitar the tubes preferred are usually the short GE 6L6GC, the "STR" 6L6GCs made by Sylvania and GE, and the various 5881s, 6L6WGBs, 7581As and 7027As. In this case, distortion is OK (and sometimes deliberately sought by the user) but physical ruggedness is more critical. This is why the metal types and the old 6L6G, GA, and GB are less sought-after. The latter are in demand, but mostly by radio collectors and juke-box owners who want to use original tubes. For applications like these, where the plate voltage is below 350 volts, the current Russian 6P3S works just fne and is outrageously inexpensive. Metal 6L6s (including the 1614) are low in distortion, but tend to be microphonic and have dissipation problems. A power tube with a metal envelope really should be cooled by forced air or attached to a heat-sink, neither of which is practical in typical audio amps. The more extreme collectors of McIntosh hi-f equipment usually insist that their MC-30s be equipped with 1614s, the original equipment in these amps. For true obscurity, the Sylvania 5932 is worth looking at. It is a special super-rugged 6L6 replacement for military equipment. It came in three versions; two had a conventional single structure. The other version is unique-it has a pair of smaller oval structures connected in parallel. There is an underground following in the guitar world for the 2-plate 5932, and the prices charged for it refect the demand (high). Its distortion and power output were only average, similar to Tung-Sol 5881s. All of the tubes listed here are pin-compatible replacements for any 6L6 type, except the 7027 and 7027A. Sockets must be rewired to use them in place of 6L6s. A good tube-amp technician can do this at a reasonable price. Because of the manic market for NOS types that can substitute for 6L6s, 7027s have become very scarce. There were few things that used them as original equipment. They are very tough and are popular in Fender amps that have been rewired appropriately. Purists tend to scoff, as 7027s are quite different from 6L6GCs and the like; but they do work fne with just a socket rewiring and rebiasing. The 6L6 is not often seen in high-end hi-f amplifers. There are some old amps out there, however, and they can be kept going with the Russian 5881. It is unpopular in guitar amps, even though it's rugged and inexpensive. Guitarists tend to dislike Russian 6P3Ss and 5881s because they sound "bland". A shame, they're good hi-f tubes but rarely used for that. The Golden Tube Audio SE-40 single-ended amp and various VTL push-pull amplifiers are among the few contemporary high-end amps that use the Russian 5881. I conducted casual listening tests at the VTV offce; they tended to back up the distortion tests above. The old 6L6GCs tended toward a warm, "romantic" sound with greater "darkness" and much more distorted, fat bass. The metal types and Russian 5881s were more "dry" and clean, as were 6L6Gs and Sylvania GCs. The 6P3S has a slightly wetter sound than the Russian 5881, but the same kind of clarity. Old 5881s were mostly made by Tung-Sol, and sounded warm, slightly nasal, with good bass. The KT66s and EL37s were outstanding hi-f tubes, more like triodes in character and very detailed. Two examples of the "skinny" Shuguang 6L6GC are listed here. These look remarkably like the Russian 6P3S, but are slightly different. The Chinese version has four square holes in its top mica spacer, rather than the two in the Russian tube's spacer. The Chinese ones also look less well-made and use the same ugly brown refractory cement (to hold bases on) that is seen in other Chinese octal tubes. These, like the 6P3S, are not really 6L6GCs and should not be used at more than 400v. During test at 500v pentode, they creaked and groaned alarmingly. Note that their distortion was much higher than in the Russian ones. Obviously these tubes were made with Russian tooling, but are much poorer quality. There is a new "Coke-bottle" shaped 6L6 from Shuguang, with a brown base and optional blue glass; it is too new to appear here and will be reported on later. All of the NOS tubes are out of production, leaving only the Russian 6P3S, 5881, and the Chinese types. The Russian tubes are old Soviet commercial and military types, not originally intended for export. Svetlana is going to introduce a new 5881 of its own soon, and we will report on it in a future issue of VTV. 4. OUTRO It is estimated that more than 2 million tube guitar amps exist in the world today. Of that number, probably more than 40% use push-pull 6L6s. To claim that this market will soon dry up and be replaced by transistors is simply prevaricative. Although no 6L6 type is being produced in America or Europe at the present time, there are a few popular ones from Russia and China which own the market. The Shuguang types, including a new 6L6GC with a blue glass envelope, are consistent sellers; and although they are very clean-sounding tubes, the Russian-made 5881s are Soldano's favorites and are used widely. They will likely be available for years, if not decades, to come. Add in the soon-to-come Svetlana 5881 and a rumored 6L6GC-"STR" which may be produced in California soon, and the 6L6 looks good for another 60 years. Side-Bar: The British Connection In England in 1931, J.H. Owens Harries discovered that if the electron flow in a tetrode was confined to beams, and that the distance from screen grid to plate was keptat a critical distance, secondary emission from the plate would be supressed, just as in a pentode1,3. This discovery enabled the British General Electric Co. (GEC, unrelated to the American General Electric) to bring out a sensitive, high-power output tube without infringing on the pentode patents held by Philips and Mullard. GEC then came out with a series of beam tetrodes, with their most famous being the KT66. KT stood for "Kinkless Tetrode" *p; since it eliminated the kink in the transfer curve that happened with regular tetrodes. The KT66 was meant to be a plug-in replacement for the 6L6, but had superior characteristics. It was introduced in 1937. Due to: the headstart the British had in developing component-type high fidelity systems, the transfer of British RADAR technology to American during WW II, and the common language, Americans in the late 1940s looked to England for ideas in hi-fi design. Williamson's seminal Wireless World articles gave British hi-fi a tremendous boost in America. The marketing efforts of the British Industries Corp (B.I.C.) brought the best of British hi-fi components to America during the 1950s. The net result of this was the inclusion of "foreign" tubes, such as the KT66, KT88, EL34, GZ-34, etc. into American hi-fi and even guitar amp designs. Footnotes: 1 *p; Harries, Secondary Electron Radiation, Electronics, Sept. 1944. 2 *p; Schade, O.H., Proc. of the IRE, Feb. 1938. 3 *p; Harries, British patents 380,429 and 385,968, 1931. and Wireless Eng., vol. 13, pp. 190-199, April 1936. [Image] |
#5
|
|||
|
|||
Jd. wrote:
Użytkownik "Andy Evans" napisał w wiadomości ... Can't get this page up - Andy This is a common problem with pages hosted on http://schema.web1000.com/ - since about a year I culd not see any page from this server. Problem occurs only when you try to use web browser, but I've managed to download this page contents using wget. No problems with Konqueror 3.2.3 on Debian Linux Sid Also works fine with Mozilla 1.7.2 on the same operating system. Kind regards, Eike |
#7
|
|||
|
|||
Eike Lantzsch, ZP6CGE wrote:
Jd. wrote: Użytkownik "Andy Evans" napisał w wiadomości ... Can't get this page up - Andy This is a common problem with pages hosted on http://schema.web1000.com/ - since about a year I culd not see any page from this server. Problem occurs only when you try to use web browser, but I've managed to download this page contents using wget. No problems with Konqueror 3.2.3 on Debian Linux Sid Also works fine with Mozilla 1.7.2 on the same operating system. Kind regards, Eike Works OK with XP and Firefox. JKT |
#8
|
|||
|
|||
Behold, Jeff Thompson signalled from keyed 4-1000A filament:
No problems with Konqueror 3.2.3 on Debian Linux Sid Also works fine with Mozilla 1.7.2 on the same operating system. Kind regards, Eike Works OK with XP and Firefox. JKT OK on Debian Woody with Dillo 0.8.1 and Opera 7.54 here. -- Gregg t3h g33k "Ratings are for transistors....tubes have guidelines" http://geek.scorpiorising.ca |
#9
|
|||
|
|||
http://schema.web1000.com/tech.data/6l6.txt
: Can't get this page up - Andy Maybe it's the AOL browser? Alternative ISP's?? Alternative suites?? It is just a text file, as noted. OK now (and saved years ago) on 98se moz 1.6. |
#10
|
|||
|
|||
http://schema.web1000.com/tech.data/6l6.txt
: Can't get this page up - Andy To be precise I get http://www.web1000.com/ === Andy Evans === Visit our Website:- http://www.artsandmedia.com Audio, music and health pages and interesting links. |
#11
|
|||
|
|||
Works fine on Netscape 7.1 under Windows 98SE.
Interestingly, it was copied from a magazine, VTV Issue #4. So if you have this issue, you already have the article with more information and graphics. Cheers, Fred Andy Evans wrote: Can't get this page up - Andy === Andy Evans === Visit our Website:- http://www.artsandmedia.com Audio, music and health pages and interesting links. -- +--------------------------------------------+ | Music: http://www3.telus.net/dogstarmusic/ | | Projects: http://dogstar.dantimax.dk | +--------------------------------------------+ |
Reply |
Thread Tools | |
Display Modes | |
|
|
Similar Threads | ||||
Thread | Forum | |||
Recommend a ~$400 2-channel tube mic-preamp? | Pro Audio | |||
Real Deal Tube Preamp...Is It Worth It? | Pro Audio | |||
Real Deal Tube Preamp...Is It Worth It? | Pro Audio | |||
Looking for an "original" 6U5 Tuning Eye Tube | Vacuum Tubes | |||
One for the Tube Grabbers | Vacuum Tubes |