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#41
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Ian Bell" wrote in message ... Ian Iveson wrote: Ian Bell wrote : Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. I wonder, if film is film, what the difference is? And, if an 85C cap is operated at 105C, which quoted electrical parameter is no longer valid? Ian Well they all seem to use a PET film and as someone else pointed out there are relatively few suppliers of such films. I think the construction may have something to do with it. Certainly there are non-inductive and regular (presumably inductive) methods of construction which will have a bearing on the price although all the ones I have looked at so far seem to be of the non-inductive type. As far as temperature rating is concerned, WIMA say to derate the voltage rating by 1.25% per degree from 85 degrees for dec voltages and from 75 degrees for the ac voltage rating. I have not seen deratings given by other manufacturers so far. Cheers Ian The glass transition temperature for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is around 90 to 96 C. Lots of things happen at the temperature including dimensional changes, dielectric constant, etc. To get to higher temperatures, glycol modified polyesters (PETG) are sometimes used. Another polyester, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), is another possibility for higher temperatures. PEN capacitors are often used for switching supply filters at high temperatures. Dr. Barry L. Ornitz WA4VZQ |
#42
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Bell wrote: Ian Iveson wrote: Ian Bell wrote : Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. I wonder, if film is film, what the difference is? And, if an 85C cap is operated at 105C, which quoted electrical parameter is no longer valid? Well they all seem to use a PET film and as someone else pointed out there are relatively few suppliers of such films. I think the construction may have something to do with it. Certainly there are non-inductive and regular (presumably inductive) methods of construction which will have a bearing on the price although all the ones I have looked at so far seem to be of the non-inductive type. As far as temperature rating is concerned, WIMA say to derate the voltage rating by 1.25% per degree from 85 degrees for dec voltages and from 75 degrees for the ac voltage rating. I have not seen deratings given by other manufacturers so far. That is typical WIMA thoroughness, it has to be said. Although I can't think of a reason for it. Graham |
#43
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Eeyore wrote:
Ian Bell wrote: Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: Ian Bell wrote: When I ordered a large(ish) quantity of caps last year I compared the prices from many sources. In all cases but one specific type/value Wima was more expensive than the competition. Farnell prices are always very high - I order from the factory directly or from a distributor. Interesting, especially as you are in Europe like me. Can you be a bit more specific about what you mean by 'largish' quantities? In this case between 50 and 500 pieces per value. Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. On polyester caps ? Graham Sorry what are you querying? that they are more expensive? (than other polyester caps) - there is some evidence that they are - or that they are rated to operate up to 105 degrees? - the WIMA data sheet says so. Cheers ian |
#44
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Bell wrote: Eeyore wrote: Ian Bell wrote: Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: Ian Bell wrote: When I ordered a large(ish) quantity of caps last year I compared the prices from many sources. In all cases but one specific type/value Wima was more expensive than the competition. Farnell prices are always very high - I order from the factory directly or from a distributor. Interesting, especially as you are in Europe like me. Can you be a bit more specific about what you mean by 'largish' quantities? In this case between 50 and 500 pieces per value. Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. On polyester caps ? Sorry what are you querying? that they are more expensive? (than other polyester caps) - there is some evidence that they are - or that they are rated to operate up to 105 degrees? - the WIMA data sheet says so. Puzzled at the different temp ratings. Graham |
#45
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Bell wrote:
Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C Best regards, Mikkel C. Simonsen |
#46
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
NoSPAM wrote
The glass transition temperature for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is around 90 to 96 C. Lots of things happen at the temperature including dimensional changes, dielectric constant, etc. To get to higher temperatures, glycol modified polyesters (PETG) are sometimes used. Another polyester, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), is another possibility for higher temperatures. PEN capacitors are often used for switching supply filters at high temperatures. Thanks for that. I wonder if PET caps are wound when warm. And, considering the Tg of polypropylene is much lower, I wonder what its significance is for a capacitor in this kind of application. Ian |
#47
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Iveson wrote: And, considering the Tg of polypropylene is much lower Tg ? Tigger ? BOUNCE BOUNCE ! Graham |
#48
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote:
Ian Bell wrote: Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C Best regards, Mikkel C. Simonsen Who makes these 'cheap' caps? Cheers Ian |
#49
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Bell wrote:
Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: Ian Bell wrote: Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C Best regards, Mikkel C. Simonsen Who makes these 'cheap' caps? Electel in Germany, as I think I have written in a previous post. Best regards, Mikkel C. Simonsen |
#50
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Mikkel C. Simonsen" wrote: Ian Bell wrote: Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: Ian Bell wrote: Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the WIMA parts are a little more expensive. The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C Best regards, Mikkel C. Simonsen Who makes these 'cheap' caps? Electel in Germany, as I think I have written in a previous post. And do any of you SERIOUSLY think they use different films ? Graham |
#51
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Eeyore wrote:
And, considering the Tg of polypropylene is much lower Tg ? Tigger ? BOUNCE BOUNCE ! Er...eh? Tg is the glass transition temperature, at which a polymer changes from stiff and brittle to plastic and tough. At some higher temperature it starts getting squidgy, and flows under low pressure. At some even higher temperature, you might say it's melted. My experience with household items made of polycarbonate suggests that the difference between Tg and melted is not very great, whereas polythene seems to stay plastic over a wide range. We tend to take plastics for granted without always realising how various they are, how complex they can be, and how they are tailored for specific purposes. I remember when plastic kettles were introduced, and no-one seemed to wonder why they don't soften or melt even if you forget to put water in. Considering the poster to whom I replied was writing about the glass transition temperature, I didn't think I would need to explain Tg. Ian |
#52
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Ian Iveson wrote: Eeyore wrote: And, considering the Tg of polypropylene is much lower Tg ? Tigger ? BOUNCE BOUNCE ! Er...eh? Tg is the glass transition temperature, at which a polymer changes from stiff and brittle to plastic and tough. At some higher temperature it starts getting squidgy, and flows under low pressure. At some even higher temperature, you might say it's melted. My experience with household items made of polycarbonate suggests that the difference between Tg and melted is not very great, whereas polythene seems to stay plastic over a wide range. We tend to take plastics for granted without always realising how various they are, how complex they can be, and how they are tailored for specific purposes. I remember when plastic kettles were introduced, and no-one seemed to wonder why they don't soften or melt even if you forget to put water in. Considering the poster to whom I replied was writing about the glass transition temperature, I didn't think I would need to explain Tg. I realised what you were saying actually but I fail to see how one plastic made by manufacturer X should have a significantly different glass transistion temp from the same plastic made by manufacturer Y. Polypropylene's still damn good stuff btw with low DA. Grahm |
#53
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Eeyore" wrote in message ... : : : "Mikkel C. Simonsen" wrote: : : Ian Bell wrote: : : Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: : Ian Bell wrote: : Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets : and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees : C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the : WIMA parts are a little more expensive. : : The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C : : Best regards, : : Mikkel C. Simonsen : : Who makes these 'cheap' caps? : : Electel in Germany, as I think I have written in a previous post. : : And do any of you SERIOUSLY think they use different films ? : : Graham "The electrodes 12, 18 typically comprise metal foils. In one embodiment, the electrodes 12, 18 comprise at least one of aluminum, copper, or zinc foil. The first dielectric layer 14 typically comprises an organic polymer, an inorganic material or a polymer film. A non-limiting example of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), mica, paper, silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) or aluminum nitride (AIN). Some non-limiting examples of a polymer film include polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polycarbonate (PC), fluorenyl polester (FPE), polyetheretherketon (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyimide, polyamide-imide, teflon (polytetrafluoroethelyne) (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF-TrFE), UltemŽ (polyetherimide) and combinations thereof. The second dielectric layer 16 may comprise an organic polymer, an inorganic material or polymer composite film. A non-limiting example of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), aluminium nitride (AIN) and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ). Some non-limiting examples of the polymer film used as second dielectric layer include polyethylene phthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Some non-limiting examples of polymer composites comprising inorganic material or polymer can be UltemŽ polyetherimide, PP, PET, PVDF, FPE, PEEK, PES, PC or PPS containing BN, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), Tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ) and combinations thereof. In a non-limiting example, the thickness of the second dielectric layer is in the range between about 0.3 microns to about 5 microns. A non-limiting example of a first dielectric constant is at least about 2. In a non-limiting example, the second dielectric constant is in the range between 3 and 100." from: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1786006.html ;-) |
#54
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Rudy wrote: "Eeyore" wrote : "Mikkel C. Simonsen" wrote: : Ian Bell wrote: : Mikkel C. Simonsen wrote: : Ian Bell wrote: : Thank you, that us useful information. I have been checking data sheets : and I notice that the WIMA parts are rated to operate up to 105 degrees : C where as the others only to 85 degrees. Perhaps that explains why the : WIMA parts are a little more expensive. : : The "cheap" caps I use are rated for either 100°C or 110°C : : Best regards, : : Mikkel C. Simonsen : : Who makes these 'cheap' caps? : : Electel in Germany, as I think I have written in a previous post. : : And do any of you SERIOUSLY think they use different films ? : : Graham "The electrodes 12, 18 typically comprise metal foils. In one embodiment, the electrodes 12, 18 comprise at least one of aluminum, copper, or zinc foil. The first dielectric layer 14 typically comprises an organic polymer, an inorganic material or a polymer film. A non-limiting example of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), mica, paper, silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) or aluminum nitride (AIN). Some non-limiting examples of a polymer film include polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polycarbonate (PC), fluorenyl polester (FPE), polyetheretherketon (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyimide, polyamide-imide, teflon (polytetrafluoroethelyne) (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF-TrFE), UltemŽ (polyetherimide) and combinations thereof. The second dielectric layer 16 may comprise an organic polymer, an inorganic material or polymer composite film. A non-limiting example of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), titania (TiO 2 ), aluminium nitride (AIN) and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ). Some non-limiting examples of the polymer film used as second dielectric layer include polyethylene phthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Some non-limiting examples of polymer composites comprising inorganic material or polymer can be UltemŽ polyetherimide, PP, PET, PVDF, FPE, PEEK, PES, PC or PPS containing BN, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), Tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ) and combinations thereof. In a non-limiting example, the thickness of the second dielectric layer is in the range between about 0.3 microns to about 5 microns. A non-limiting example of a first dielectric constant is at least about 2. In a non-limiting example, the second dielectric constant is in the range between 3 and 100." from: http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1786006.html The films you mention are indeed different. That was not at dispute. What was at dispute was whether a film of a certain chemical composition varies from manufacturer X to manufacturer Y. Graham |
#55
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
Eeyore wrote
And, considering the Tg of polypropylene is much lower Tg ? Tigger ? BOUNCE BOUNCE ! Er...eh? Tg is the glass transition temperature, at which a polymer changes from stiff and brittle to plastic and tough. At some higher temperature it starts getting squidgy, and flows under low pressure. At some even higher temperature, you might say it's melted. My experience with household items made of polycarbonate suggests that the difference between Tg and melted is not very great, whereas polythene seems to stay plastic over a wide range. We tend to take plastics for granted without always realising how various they are, how complex they can be, and how they are tailored for specific purposes. I remember when plastic kettles were introduced, and no-one seemed to wonder why they don't soften or melt even if you forget to put water in. Considering the poster to whom I replied was writing about the glass transition temperature, I didn't think I would need to explain Tg. I realised what you were saying actually but I fail to see how one plastic made by manufacturer X should have a significantly different glass transistion temp from the same plastic made by manufacturer Y. Same plastic? You are tricking yourself with logical chicanery. One point I am making is that there are many forms and qualities of PET. One PET is therefore not "the same" as another. You have also confused yourself with respect to the variety of manufacturers. First you said that there are only a very few producers, implying that variety in PET film might be proportional to the variety in manufacturers. Now you appear to be arguing that there is no difference, regardless of manufacturer, in which case it wouldn't matter how many different manufacturers there are. In any event, you are quite wrong. Considering all the complications of PET film manufacture, and the range of possible outcomes of all the processes involved, it is incumbent upon you to demonstrate that the PET used for capacitor dielectrics is always the same. In particular, in keeping with this sub-thread, why does the temperature rating of PET caps vary? I was questioning the significance of Tg, considering that PET is rigid at room temp, whereas polypropylene is plastic. Further, if the Tg of PET is around 90C, and all PETs are the same, then the dielectric of a 105C PET cap can pass through its Tg and still meet its spec. I suggest you look it up. I can give you a couple of clues: chain length (average and SD), and orientation. You should look for boPET. Here is an obvious starter http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PET_fil...ially_oriented) Polypropylene's still damn good stuff btw with low DA. As I said earlier. C0G ceramics are excellent too, as is polystyrene. Other common plastic dielectrics, including metalised PET, are inferior with respect to signal distortion, although the significance of the difference may reasonably be doubted. Film storage and quality of encapsulation are other significant variables, considering that PET, for example, is hydroscopic. Ian |
#56
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Eeyore" wrote in message ... : : : Rudy wrote: : : "Eeyore" wrote sn : : : And do any of you SERIOUSLY think they use different films ? : : : : Graham : : "The electrodes 12, 18 typically comprise metal foils. In one embodiment, the electrodes : 12, 18 comprise at least one of aluminum, copper, or zinc foil. The first dielectric layer : 14 typically comprises an organic polymer, an inorganic material or a polymer film. A : non-limiting example of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), mica, paper, silicon : nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) or aluminum nitride (AIN). Some non-limiting examples of a polymer : film include polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), : polycarbonate (PC), fluorenyl polester (FPE), polyetheretherketon (PEEK), polyethersulfone : (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyimide, polyamide-imide, teflon : (polytetrafluoroethelyne) (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF-TrFE), UltemŽ : (polyetherimide) and combinations thereof. The second dielectric layer 16 may comprise an : organic polymer, an inorganic material or polymer composite film. A non-limiting example : of an inorganic material is boron nitride (BN), alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), silica (SiO 2 ), : titania (TiO 2 ), aluminium nitride (AIN) and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ). Some : non-limiting examples of the polymer film used as second dielectric layer include : polyethylene phthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). : Some non-limiting examples of polymer composites comprising inorganic material or polymer : can be UltemŽ polyetherimide, PP, PET, PVDF, FPE, PEEK, PES, PC or PPS containing BN, Al 2 : O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Niobium pentoxide (Nb 2 O 5 ), Tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2 O 5 ) and : combinations thereof. In a non-limiting example, the thickness of the second dielectric : layer is in the range between about 0.3 microns to about 5 microns. A non-limiting example : of a first dielectric constant is at least about 2. In a non-limiting example, the second : dielectric constant is in the range between 3 and 100." : : from: : http://www.freepatentsonline.com/EP1786006.html : : The films you mention are indeed different. That was not at dispute. What was at dispute was : whether a film of a certain chemical composition varies from manufacturer X to manufacturer Y. : : Graham : true. but from the above, i'd infer that capacitor manufacturers can pretty much specify the composition and thickness, uniformity of film, so it seems quite likely different manufacturers will use different film/thickness/uniformity/mechanical process to manufacture the capacitors, undoubtedly giving different electrical and mechanical/dampness resistance/aging, etc. characteristics. whether it effects the signal, when used as a coupling cap, is another matter, an interesting test would be a Belcher test, with continuous quasi-random noise applied and the total IM products thus measured would be far more indicative of what you can expect with musical signals than a standard 2 tone IM test. see for a description here, page 101-103, section 3.12.3: http://www.enigma-systems.de/manuals...promanuale.pdf Rudy |
#57
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Rudy" wrote in message b.home.nl... whether it effects the signal, when used as a coupling cap, is another matter, an interesting test would be a Belcher test, with continuous quasi-random noise applied and the total IM products thus measured would be far more indicative of what you can expect with musical signals than a standard 2 tone IM test. see for a description here, page 101-103, section 3.12.3: http://www.enigma-systems.de/manuals...promanuale.pdf There are as many ways to measure anything in particular as the human minds tasked to come up with novel ways to do can can ever invent. The Belcher test is yet another example of this. All valid and relevant means for measuring antyhing in particular produce comparable results. "interesting" is not all by itself, a complete reason to do something, unless time and money are in surplus. In the end all electronic equipment adds only 3 things to an applied signal: Nonlinear distoriton Linear distortion Noise We already know that a properly-appliable capacitor exists for almost every conceivable application in electronics, and that for almost all audio applications, said capacitor is readily available for a reasonble price from a number of independent sources. |
#58
Posted to rec.audio.tubes
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Arny Krueger" wrote in message ... : : "Rudy" wrote in message : b.home.nl... : : whether it effects the signal, when used as a coupling cap, is another : matter, : an interesting test would be a Belcher test, with continuous quasi-random : noise : applied and the total IM products thus measured would be far more : indicative : of what you can expect with musical signals than a standard 2 tone IM : test. : : see for a description here, page 101-103, section 3.12.3: : http://www.enigma-systems.de/manuals...promanuale.pdf : : : There are as many ways to measure anything in particular as the human minds : tasked to come up with novel ways to do can can ever invent. The Belcher : test is yet another example of this. All valid and relevant means for : measuring antyhing in particular produce comparable results. : : "interesting" is not all by itself, a complete reason to do something, : unless time and money are in surplus. : : In the end all electronic equipment adds only 3 things to an applied signal: : : Nonlinear distoriton : Linear distortion : Noise : : We already know that a properly-appliable capacitor exists for almost every : conceivable application in electronics, and that for almost all audio : applications, said capacitor is readily available for a reasonble price from : a number of independent sources. : as always, that isn't such a clear cut case as you'd like to make it out. what makes audio such an interesting subject, is that it exemplifies in many ways that the perceptive process can be seen as a multitasking processor, having only *so much* capacity available at any time, for instance level of attention and thus perceived detail is diminished when we have to do several filtering and correction background processes, for instance, to compensate the room/speaker's frequency response anomalies, (speaker)IM distortion at higher levels/frequencies, background noise modulation, at higher acoustical levels the mechanical distortion by the ear/canal/fluid/receptor interface, all operating with a different "settling time" ;-), you could say that the quest for the audio enthousiast is in reclaiming as much as possible of that "lost processor time" by eliminating all that compensation background processing. small differences can make inordinately large perceived differences ;-) Rudy |
#59
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Rudy" wrote in message .home.nl... "Arny Krueger" wrote in message ... : : "Rudy" wrote in message : b.home.nl... : : whether it effects the signal, when used as a coupling cap, is another : matter, : an interesting test would be a Belcher test, with continuous quasi-random : noise : applied and the total IM products thus measured would be far more : indicative : of what you can expect with musical signals than a standard 2 tone IM : test. : : see for a description here, page 101-103, section 3.12.3: : http://www.enigma-systems.de/manuals...promanuale.pdf : : : There are as many ways to measure anything in particular as the human minds : tasked to come up with novel ways to do can can ever invent. The Belcher : test is yet another example of this. All valid and relevant means for : measuring antyhing in particular produce comparable results. : : "interesting" is not all by itself, a complete reason to do something, : unless time and money are in surplus. : : In the end all electronic equipment adds only 3 things to an applied signal: : : Nonlinear distoriton : Linear distortion : Noise : : We already know that a properly-appliable capacitor exists for almost every : conceivable application in electronics, and that for almost all audio : applications, said capacitor is readily available for a reasonble price from : a number of independent sources. : as always, that isn't such a clear cut case as you'd like to make it out. That would be an interesting topic if you could address it rationally and cohenrently. snip rambling, muddled, almost random thoughts |
#60
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
"Arny Krueger" wrote in message ... : : "Rudy" wrote in message : .home.nl... : :: : : as always, that isn't such a clear cut case as you'd like to make it out. : : That would be an interesting topic if you could address it rationally and : cohenrently. : : snip rambling, muddled, almost random thoughts : I have to admit, my DIY transcranial magnetic stimulation device, from an old 110deg. deflection yoke and some bits and pieces thrown together *did* produce some odd buzzes, when i tested it on m'self, this morning- maybe the pulse rate was a bit too high - you think _that_ did it ? :-) R. |
#61
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WIMA MKS4 400V Polyester caps
On Oct 26, 10:37*pm, Eeyore
wrote: The films you mention are indeed different. That was not at dispute. What was at dispute was whether a film of a certain chemical composition varies from manufacturer X to manufacturer Y. Get a grip, man! Even as-stated the question forces the answer of "NO". Capacitors are commodities manufactured from a series of other commodities purchased on the open market from the lowest bidder capable of meeting a given set of specifications. It doesn't get much simpler than that. So, supplier X, or Y or little green men from Mars near-as-much doesn't matter as long as the particular commodity they supply meets the need. And whatever internal differences as might exist between these commodities will not be relevant to the performance of the product as they are perforce entirely outside the specified parameters. So, using your words: If I specify a material of a "certain chemical composition", then I will choose my supplier on the basis of price and terms, whether X or Y or Mars - as long as the delivered product is of a "certain chemical composition". Period. The rest is packaging and hype. Peter Wieck Melrose Park, PA |
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